We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
PLACENTAL STEREOLOGY: SPANNING THE LEVELS FROM MOLECULE TO WHOLE ORGAN.
- Authors
Mayhew, Terry M.
- Abstract
Stereology can provide hard (functionally-relevant) quantitative information at different levels of 3D structural organization. My researches have applied established methods to study organ function and developed novel methods to study subcellular localization of marker probes. We have studied whore-organ function (passive diffusion) in the human placenta and quantified various processes at tissue and subcellular levels and in normal and complicated pregnancies. Fetoplacental angiogenesis and villous growth and maturation involve phased changes particularly around mid-gestation. Growth is associated with increased numbers of cells or nuclei and counts have shown that villous trophoblast continously renews itself via cytotrophoblast (CT) proliferation and recruitment and syncytiotrophoblast (ST) differentiation and extrusion. Integration of these processes results in changes in total oxygen (O2) diffusive conductance which match the growing fetal mass. Similar processes occur during development of the mouse placenta and at least some are compromised in human pregnancies. For example: [a] in pure pre-eclampsia (PE), villous and fetoplacental vascular volumes and Surfaces are similar to those seen in uncomplicated pregnancies but reduced in pure intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and in PE+IUGR: [b] trophoblast extrusion is accelerated in PE and IUGR but the latter exhibits reduced CT proliferation and this perturbed steady state leads to smaller trophoblast volumes and surfaces; [c] O2 diffusive conductances alter in various pregnancy complications, including IUGR and PE+IUGR: [d] fetal weight is diminished, but diffusive transport increases, in placentas from mice exposed to urban air pollution Finally, innovations in quantitative immunoelectron microscopy (immunoEM) have produced a portfolio of methods for revealing non-random distribuitions of marker gold particles in different cellular compartments and for testing whether patterns shift following experimental manipulation. Recently, the methods have been extended to study tissue and cellular distributions of nanoparticles.
- Subjects
EMBRYOLOGY; STEREOLOGY; PHOTOGRAPHIC interpretation; BIOLOGICAL models; SCIENTIFIC method; PLACENTA; SOLUTION (Chemistry); DIFFUSION; PLACENTAL function tests
- Publication
Image Analysis & Stereology, 2009, Vol 28, Issue 3, p121
- ISSN
1580-3139
- Publication type
Article