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- Title
Protease-Resistant Human Prion Protein and Ferritin Are Cotransported across Caco-2 Epithelial Cells: Implications for Species Barrier in Prion Uptake from the Intestine.
- Authors
Mishra, Ravi Shankar; Basu, Subhabrata; Yaping Gu; Xiu Luo; Wen-Quan Zou; Mishra, Richa; Ruliang Li; Chen, Shu G.; Gambetti, Pierluigi; Fujioka, Hisashi; Singh, Neena
- Abstract
Foodborne transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathyencephalopathy (BSE) to humans as variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) has affected over 100 individuals, and probably millions of others have been exposed to BSE-contaminated food substances. Despite these obvious public health concerns, surprisingly little is known about the mechanism by which PrP-scrapie (PrpSc), the most reliable surrogate marker of infection in BSE-contaminated food, crosses the human intestinal epithelial cell barrier. Here we show that digestive enzyme (DE) treatment of sporadic CJD brain homogenate generates a C-terminal fragment similar to the proteinase K-resistant PrPSc core of 27-30 kDa implicated in prion disease transmission and pathogenesis. Notably, DE treatment results in a PrP Sc-protein complex that is avidly transcytosed in vesicular structures across an in vitro model of the human intestinal epithelial cell barrier, regardless of the amount of endogenous PrPC expression. Unexpectedly, PrPSc is cotransported with ferritin, a prominent component of the DE-treated PrP Sc-protein complex. The transport of PrPSc-ferritin is sensitive to low temperature, brefeldin-A, and nocodazole treatment and is inhibited by excess free ferritin, implicating a receptor- or transporter-mediated pathway. Because ferritin shares considerable homology across species, these data suggest that PrP Sc-associated proteins, in particular ferritin, may facilitate PrP Sc uptake in the intestine from distant species, leading to a carrier state in humans.
- Subjects
FOODBORNE diseases; CREUTZFELDT-Jakob disease; PUBLIC health; EPITHELIAL cells; DIGESTIVE enzymes
- Publication
Journal of Neuroscience, 2004, Vol 24, Issue 50, p11280
- ISSN
0270-6474
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2864-04.2004