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- Title
Effect of exogenous ABA on somatic embryo maturation and germination in Persian walnut ( Juglans regia L.).
- Authors
Kourosh Vahdati; Shima Bayat; Hassan Ebrahimzadeh; Maryam Jariteh; Masoud Mirmasoumi
- Abstract
Abstract Low efficiency of embryo maturation, germination and conversion to plantlets is a major problem in many species including Persian walnut. We studied the effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and sucrose, on the maturation and germination of Persian walnut (Juglans regia) somatic embryos. Individual globular somatic embryos were grown on a maturation medium supplemented with different combinations of ABA and sucrose for ca. 1 month, until shoot meristems and radicles had developed. White and opaque embryos in late cotyledonary stage were subjected to desiccation after the culture period on maturation media. The number of germinated somatic embryos was influenced by the concentrations of ABA in the maturation medium. The best treatment for germination, in which both shoot and root were developed contained 2 mg l−1 ABA and resulted in 41% conversion of embryos into plantlets. Regeneration was reduced at higher levels of ABA. While ABA always reduced the rate of secondary embryogenesis, treatments containing 4.0% sucrose significantly increased the number of secondary embryos. On the other hand, sucrose had little influence on maturation. Normal and abnormal embryos were verified anatomically.
- Subjects
PLANT embryology; COOKING with walnuts; WALNUT; PLANT physiology
- Publication
Plant Cell, Tissue & Organ Culture, 2008, Vol 93, Issue 2, p163
- ISSN
0167-6857
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11240-008-9355-3