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- Title
Immune characterization of a Colombian family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Authors
Aguilar-Jiménez, Wbeimar; Flórez-Álvarez, Lizdany; Rincón, Daniel S.; Marín-Palma, Damariz; Sánchez-Martínez, Alexandra; Martínez, Jahnnyer; Isabel Zapata, María; Loaiza, John D.; Cárdenas, Constanza; Guzmán, Fanny; Velilla, Paula A.; Taborda, Natalia A.; Zapata, Wildeman; Hernández, Juan C.; Díaz, Francisco J.; Rugeles, María T.
- Abstract
Introduction: Immunological markers have been described during COVID-19 and persist after recovery. These immune markers are associated with clinical features among SARSCoV-2 infected individuals. Nevertheless, studies reporting a comprehensive analysis of the immune changes occurring during SARS-CoV-2 infection are still limited. Objective: To evaluate the production of proinflammatory cytokines, the antibody response, and the phenotype and function of NK cells and T cells in a Colombian family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and methods: Proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated by RT-PCR and ELISA. The frequency, phenotype, and function of NK cells (cocultures with K562 cells) and T-cells (stimulated with spike/RdRp peptides) were assessed by flow cytometry. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were determined using indirect immunofluorescence and plaque reduction neutralization assay. Results: During COVID-19, we observed a high proinflammatory-cytokine production and a reduced CD56bright-NK cell and cytotoxic response. Compared with healthy controls, infected individuals had a higher frequency of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells CD38+HLA-DR-. During the acute phase, CD8+ T cells stimulated with viral peptides exhibited a monofunctional response characterized by high IL-10 production. However, during recovery, we observed a bifunctional response characterized by the co-expression of CD107a and granzyme B or perforin. Conclusion: Although the proinflammatory response is a hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 infection, other phenotypic and functional alterations in NK cells and CD8+ T cells could be associated with the outcome of COVID-19. However, additional studies are required to understand these alterations and to guide future immunotherapy strategies.
- Subjects
SARS-CoV-2; KILLER cells; T cells; COVID-19; PHENOTYPIC plasticity
- Publication
Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2021, Vol 41, p86
- ISSN
0120-4157
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.7705/biomedica.5976