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- Title
Soil parameters including organic matter affecting pretilachlor leaching in different paddy fields.
- Authors
Hashemi, Bahareh; Salehian, Hamid; Rezvani, Mohammad; Soltani, Saeid
- Abstract
Finding a method, which may indicate the contribution of soil parameters including organic matter, pH and clay to pretilachlor leaching (persistence) in the soil, with the use of a suitable indicator, which indicates pretilachlor presence in the soil is of significance. Accordingly, using undisturbed soil columns, four paddy fields (A, B, C, D) in the suburbs of Babol city (Mazandaran province, northern Iran) were sampled before the preparation and irrigation of the fields in April 2021. Soil samples were transferred into PVC pipes (divided into 2 cm layers) measuring 12 (height) × 10 cm (diameter), and were injected with pretilachlor at the recommended (1.75 L/ha) and high doses (3.5 L/ha). The surface layers of all fields had a higher concentration of pretilachlor and organic matter with the highest contribution to pretilachlor persistence followed by clay and pH. In the 0–4 cm depth, herbicide concertation was the lowest in field A (139 mg/kg) and the highest in field C (161 mg/kg). The corresponding values for organic matter were equal to 1.88 and 5.68%, respectively. The bioassay of rice (the indicator plant), with a significant correlation with chemical analysis results, indicated field A and field C had the pretilachlor infiltration of 6 and 4 cm, respectively. Accordingly, rice is a suitable plant indicator for measuring the presence of pretilachlor as examining its shoot length is a good criterion for bioassay. Additionally, changes in the amount of organic matter in different soil layers can be used to predict the leaching level of pretilachlor.
- Subjects
IRAN; MAZANDARAN (Iran); ORGANIC compounds; LEACHING; SOILS; POLYVINYL chloride pipe; PLANT indicators; PADDY fields
- Publication
Environmental Geochemistry & Health, 2023, Vol 45, Issue 12, p9495
- ISSN
0269-4042
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10653-023-01666-w