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- Title
Development of Maghemite Nanoparticles to Effectively Adsorb Methylene Blue Dye from Water.
- Authors
Ashraf, Muhammad Azeem; Malik, Mumtaz Hasan; Farooq, Assad; Noman, Muhammad Tayyab; Khan, Nayab
- Abstract
Textile dyes have a major issue of the contamination of water and are hazardous to aquatic environments. This work reports the development of an efficient process for iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis by a modified co-precipitation technique. The ultrasonic energy was used to enhance the synthesis of maghemite nanoparticles. A comprehensive study of vital process factors was carried out to develop the optimum conditions for synthesising pure Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The effect of process variables was modelled and analysed with Box–Behnken statistical design and response surface methodology using Design-Expert software. The best outcome with 25-nm size was achieved with optimum processing conditions at a pH level of 12, a temperature of 70 °C, and a time of 60 min. The end products were confirmed with X-ray diffraction. Further, the nanoparticles were characterised with a scanning electron microscope, BET, UV–visible spectrophotometer, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The method described here offers significant advantages over other techniques for the large-scale production of Fe2O3 nanoparticles in a short time compared to other procedures. The prepared maghemite nanoparticles were successfully employed for methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption from water. Further, different adsorption process parameters were examined thoroughly. The data was analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, whereas the adsorption kinetics of dye were investigated by employing the pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models. Higher values of R2 showed better fitness of the experimental data on dye removal to the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacity of maghemite nanoparticles was observed to be 96.52 mg g−1. The adsorbent maghemite nanoparticles can be easily restored and reused. The combination of facile desorption and effective regeneration positions the prepared maghemite nanoparticles as a compelling candidate for industrial wastewater treatment applications.
- Subjects
MAGHEMITE; METHYLENE blue; DYES &; dyeing; NANOPARTICLES; NANOPARTICLE synthesis; RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics); SCANNING electron microscopes
- Publication
Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 2024, Vol 235, Issue 4, p1
- ISSN
0049-6979
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11270-024-07059-8