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- Title
An 8-week diet high in cereal fiber and coffee but free of red meat does not improve beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.
- Authors
Karusheva, Yanislava; Kunstein, Lejla; Bierwagen, Alessandra; Nowotny, Bettina; Kabisch, Stefan; Groener, Jan B.; Fleitmann, Ann Kristin; Herder, Christian; Pacini, Giovanni; Strassburger, Klaus; Häring, Hans-Ulrich; Nawroth, Peter P.; Pfeiffer, Andreas F. H.; Burkart, Volker; Müssig, Karsten; Roden, Michael; Szendroedi, Julia
- Abstract
Background: Higher dietary intake of fibers and coffee, but lower red meat intake is associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes in epidemiological studies. We hypothesized that a calorie-restricted diet, which is high in fiber and coffee, but free of red meat, improves beta-cell function in patients with T2D. Methods: In a randomized parallel-group pilot trial, obese type 2 diabetes patients were randomly allocated to consume either a diet high in cereal fiber and coffee, but free of red meat (n = 17) (L-RISK) or a diet low in fiber, free of coffee but high in red meat (n = 20) (H-RISK) for 8 weeks. Insulin secretion was assessed from glucagon stimulation tests (GST) and mixed-meal tolerance tests (MMTT) before and after dietary intervention. Results: Both diets resulted in comparable reduction of fasting concentrations of insulin (H-RISK -28% vs. L-RISK -32%, bothp < 0.01), C-peptide (H-RISK -26% vs. L-RISK -30%, bothp < 0.01) and blood glucose (H-RISK -6.8%, p < 0.05 vs. L-RISK -10%, p < 0.01). Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) secretion increased by 24% after 8 weeks in the L-RISK only (p < 0.01). However, GST and MMTT showed no differences in insulin secretion after intervention. Conclusions: Calorie restriction independent of the intake of fiber, coffee or meat failed to improve beta-cell function, but improved GIP secretion in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Trial registration: Registration at Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier number: NCT01409330, Registered 4 August 2011 – Retrospectively registered.
- Subjects
TYPE 2 diabetes prevention; COFFEE; PEOPLE with diabetes; DIET in disease; DIET therapy; DIETARY fiber; GLUCAGON; GRAIN; INSULIN; ISLANDS of Langerhans; MEAT; PEPTIDES; STATISTICAL sampling; PILOT projects; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
Nutrition & Metabolism, 2018, Vol 15, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1743-7075
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12986-018-0324-5