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- Title
Relative Seismic Velocity Variations at Axial Seamount Observed With Ambient Seismic Noise Capture Transition Point in Volcanic Inflation.
- Authors
Lee, Michelle K.; Tan, Yen Joe; Russell, Joshua B.; Tolstoy, Maya; Waldhauser, Felix
- Abstract
Temporal changes in seismic velocity estimated from ambient seismic noise can be utilized to infer subsurface properties at volcanic systems. In this study, we process 7 years of continuous seismic noise at Axial Seamount and use cross‐correlation functions to calculate the relative seismic velocity changes (dv/v) beneath the caldera. We find a long‐term trend of decreasing velocity during rapid inflation, followed by slight increase in velocities as background seismicity increases and inflation rate decreases. Furthermore, we observe small short‐term increases in dv/v which coincide with short‐term deflation events. Our observations of changes in dv/v and their correlation with other geophysical data provide insights into how the top ∼1 km of the crust at Axial Seamount changes in response to subsurface magma movement and capture the transition from a period of rapid reinflation to a period where the caldera wall faults become critically stressed and must rupture to accommodate further inflation. Plain Language Summary: Changes in seismic velocity calculated from continuous background seismic signals recorded by seismometers can be used to infer subsurface properties of volcanic systems. In this study, we process 7 years of continuous seismic noise at Axial Seamount, an active submarine volcano, to calculate the relative seismic velocity changes. We find a long‐term trend of decreasing velocity during inflation of Axial Seamount, followed by mostly stable relative seismic velocity changes that correlate with an increase in earthquake rate and eventually a decrease in inflation rate. We also observe small short‐term increases in relative seismic velocity change which coincide with small short‐term deflation events. Our observations of changes in relative seismic velocity change and their correlation to other geophysical data provide insights into how the top ∼1 km of the crust changes in response to subsurface magma movement and capture a transition in the inflation pattern at Axial Seamount. Key Points: Relative seismic velocity changes at Axial Seamount show long‐term trends reflecting changes in the accommodation of inflationTransition in pattern corresponds to change from rapid inflation through uplift to slower inflation through seismic slip of locked faultsShort‐term trends in seismic velocity variation reflect changes in magma supply and pressure with brief periods of deflation events
- Subjects
SEISMIC wave velocity; RELATIVE velocity; MICROSEISMS; SURFACE waves (Seismic waves); SUBMARINE volcanoes; PRICE inflation; SEISMIC anisotropy; PHASE velocity
- Publication
Geophysical Research Letters, 2024, Vol 51, Issue 10, p1
- ISSN
0094-8276
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1029/2024GL108883