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- Title
Innate immune recognition of viral infection.
- Authors
Kawai, Taro; Akira, Shizuo
- Abstract
Induction of the antiviral innate immune response depends on recognition of viral components by host pattern-recognition receptors. Members of the Toll-like receptor family have emerged as key sensors that recognize viral components such as nucleic acids. Toll-like receptor signaling results in the production of type I interferon and inflammatory cytokines and leads to dendritic cell maturation and establishment of antiviral immunity. Cells also express cytoplasmic RNA helicases that function as alternative pattern-recognition receptors through recognition of double-stranded RNA produced during virus replication. These two classes of pattern-recognition receptor molecules are expressed in different intracellular compartments and induce type I interferon responses via distinct signaling pathways.
- Subjects
IMMUNE response; VIRUS diseases; COMMUNICABLE diseases; CYTOKINES; ANTIVIRAL agents; INTERFERONS; CYTOPLASM
- Publication
Nature Immunology, 2006, Vol 7, Issue 2, p131
- ISSN
1529-2908
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/ni1303