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- Title
Effects of macronutrient intake on the lifespan and fecundity of the marula fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Tephritidae): Extreme lifespan in a host specialist.
- Authors
Malod, Kevin; Archer, C. Ruth; Hunt, John; Nicolson, Susan W.; Weldon, Christopher W.
- Abstract
In insects, lifespan and reproduction are strongly associated with nutrition. The ratio and amount of nutrients individuals consume affect their life expectancy and reproductive investment. The geometric framework ( GF) enables us to explore how animals regulate their intake of multiple nutrients simultaneously and determine how these nutrients interact to affect life-history traits of interest. Studies using the GF on host-generalist tephritid flies have highlighted trade-offs between longevity and reproductive effort in females, mediated by the protein-to-carbohydrate (P:C) ratio that individuals consume. Here, we tested how P and C intake affect lifespan ( LS) in both sexes, and female lifetime ( LEP), and daily ( DEP) egg production, in Ceratitis cosyra, a host-specialist tephritid fly. We then determined the P:C ratio that C. cosyra defends when offered a choice of foods. Female LS was optimized at a 0:1 P:C ratio, whereas to maximize their fecundity, females needed to consume a higher P:C ratio ( LEP = 1:6 P:C; DEP = 1:2.5 P:C). In males, LS was also optimized at a low P:C ratio of 1:10. However, when given the opportunity to regulate their intake, both sexes actively defended a 1:3 P:C ratio, which is closer to the target for DEP than either LS or LEP. Our results show that female C. cosyra experienced a moderate trade-off between LS and fecundity. Moreover, the diets that maximized expression of LEP and DEP were of lower P:C ratio than those required for optimal expression of these traits in host-generalist tephritids or other generalist insects.
- Subjects
TEPHRITIDAE; INGESTION; LIFE spans; FERTILITY; HOSTS (Biology)
- Publication
Ecology & Evolution (20457758), 2017, Vol 7, Issue 22, p9808
- ISSN
2045-7758
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/ece3.3543