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- Title
Exercise, Mitohormesis, and Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA Type-C (MOTS-c).
- Authors
Tae Kwan Yoon; Chan Hee Lee; Obin Kwon; Min-Seon Kim
- Abstract
Low levels of mitochondrial stress are beneficial for organismal health and survival through a process known as mitohormesis. Mitohormetic responses occur during or after exercise and may mediate some salutary effects of exercise on metabolism. Exercise- related mitohormesis involves reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), and release of mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs). MDPs are a group of small peptides encoded by mitochondrial DNA with beneficial metabolic effects. Among MDPs, mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) is the most associated with exercise. MOTS-c expression levels increase in skeletal muscles, systemic circulation, and the hypothalamus upon exercise. Systemic MOTS-c administration increases exercise performance by boosting skeletal muscle stress responses and by enhancing metabolic adaptation to exercise. Exogenous MOTS-c also stimulates thermogenesis in subcutaneous white adipose tissues, thereby enhancing energy expenditure and contributing to the anti-obesity effects of exercise training. This review briefly summarizes the mitohormetic mechanisms of exercise with an emphasis on MOTS-c.
- Subjects
UNFOLDED protein response; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; MITOCHONDRIA; RIBOSOMAL RNA; MITOCHONDRIAL proteins; LEPTIN
- Publication
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, 2022, Vol 46, Issue 3, p402
- ISSN
2233-6079
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4093/dmj.2022.0092