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- Title
Extracellular S-nitrosoglutathione, but not S-nitrosocysteine or N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, mediates protein S-nitrosation in rat spinal cord slices.
- Authors
Romero, Jorge M.; Bizzozero, Oscar A.
- Abstract
There is evidence that protein S-nitrosothiols (PrSNOs) accumulate in inflammatory demyelinating disorders like multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. However, very little is known regarding the mechanism by which PrSNOs are formed in target cells. The present study compares the ability of potential intercellular mediators of nitrosative damage including S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), S-nitrosocysteine and N2O3 to induce protein S-nitros(yl)ation in the spinal cord, a CNS region that is commonly affected in multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. The results clearly demonstrate that while all three NO-donors cause S-nitrosation of proteins in cell-free systems, only GSNO is a viable S-nitrosating agent in rat spinal cord slices. Generation of PrSNOs with GSNO occurs by S-transnitrosation as the process was not inhibited by either the NO-scavenger rutin or the N2O3-scavenger azide. Contrary to other cell types, nerve cells incorporate intact GSNO and neither functionall-amino acid transporters nor cell-surface thiols are required. We also found that there is a restricted number of proteins available for S-nitrosation, even at high, non-physiological concentrations of GSNO. These proteins are highly concentrated in mitochondria and mitochondria-rich subcellular compartments. This study is relevant to those CNS disorders characterized by excessive nitric oxide production.
- Subjects
GLUTATHIONE; DEMYELINATION; MULTIPLE sclerosis; ALLERGIC encephalomyelitis; SPINAL cord; NITRIC oxide
- Publication
Journal of Neurochemistry, 2006, Vol 99, Issue 4, p1299
- ISSN
0022-3042
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04180.x