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- Title
An eco-friendly approach to preparing cellulose nanocrystals by precisely controlling the dissolution of natural cellulose in TBAH/H<sub>2</sub>O solvent.
- Authors
Wang, Mengdie; Yu, Tingting; Tan, Ling; Li, Wei; Wei, Wei; Jiang, Man; Liu, Dongqi; Zhou, Zuowan
- Abstract
Applications of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in various fields of high value have been and are being widely studied. However, research about the fundamental preparation method has come to a standstill. This work aims to introduce a concept of progressive dissolution of cellulosic fibers and an eco-friendly way of preparing CNCs. By controlling TBAH concentration, the amphiphilicity and dissolving capability of TBAH/H2O can be regulated. Through a controlled partial dissolution of cellulose in the solvent, aqueous tetra-butylammonium hydroxide (TBAH), the fiber can be dissolved to make nanoscale particles (CNC suspensions). Polarized light microscopy provides a quantitative evaluation of the progress of dissolution, by which a processing window (43% TBAH/H2O, 30 min dissolution at room temperature) for preparing CNCs from cotton pulp has been determined. The multiscale cellulose products, including micron-scale, nanoscale, and well-dissolved products of cellulose, have been separated with the assistance of the derivatization process. There are interestingly homogeneous materials of cellulose I with a needle-like shape in the nanoscale products extracted. Furthermore, the cellulose raw materials can be extended from cotton pulp to wood pulp, bamboo pulp, straw pulp, and microcrystalline cellulose, indicating it to be a universal method. Analysis of XRD patterns of the raw and CNCs indicates that amorphous and less-crystalline cellulose can be precisely and controllably dissolved by the solvent, leaving CNCs.
- Subjects
CELLULOSE nanocrystals; CELLULOSE fibers; CELLULOSE; POLARIZATION microscopy; STEREOLOGY; AMMONIUM compounds; WOOD-pulp
- Publication
Cellulose, 2020, Vol 27, Issue 16, p9311
- ISSN
0969-0239
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10570-020-03418-w