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- Title
Development of an Inhibition Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Prototype for Detecting Cytotoxic Three-Finger Toxins (3FTxs) in African Spitting Cobra Venoms.
- Authors
Manson, Ernest Z.; Mutinda, Kyama C.; Gikunju, Joseph K.; Bocian, Aleksandra; Hus, Konrad K.; Petrílla, Vladimír; Legáth, Jaroslav; Kimotho, James H.
- Abstract
The administration of toxin-specific therapy in snake envenoming is predicated on improved diagnostic techniques capable of detecting specific venom toxins. Various serological tests have been used in detecting snakebite envenoming. Comparatively, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been shown to offer a wider practical application. We report an inhibition ELISA for detecting three-finger toxin (3FTx) proteins in venoms of African spitting cobras. The optimized assay detected 3FTxs in N. ashei (including other Naja sp.) venoms, spiked samples, and venom-challenged mice samples. In venoms of Naja sp., the assay showed inhibition, implying the detection of 3FTxs, but showed little or no inhibition in non-Naja sp. In mice-spiked samples, one-way ANOVA results showed that the observed inhibition was not statistically significant between spiked samples and negative control (p-value = 0.164). Similarly, the observed differences in inhibition between venom-challenged and negative control samples were not statistically significant (p-value = 0.9109). At an LOD of 0.01 µg/mL, the assay was able to confirm the presence of 3FTxs in the samples. Our results show a proof of concept for the use of an inhibition ELISA model as a tool for detecting 3FTxs in the venoms of African spitting cobra snakes.
- Subjects
SNAKE venom; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; VENOM; TOXINS; COBRAS; SERODIAGNOSIS; ONE-way analysis of variance
- Publication
Molecules, 2022, Vol 27, Issue 3, p888
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules27030888