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- Title
Investigation of bacterial pollution in Ceyhan River (Turkey) and the resistance levels of Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria to antibiotics.
- Authors
Bıçkıcı, Esra; Eken, Meltem
- Abstract
In this study, bacteriological pollution of Ceyhan River flowing into Iskenderun Bay (Northeast Mediterranean) and antibiotic resistance of Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria were investigated. Water samples were collected from May 2014 to April 2015 in monthly periods and 222 Gram (-) and 74 Gram (+) bacteria were isolated from collected water samples. The isolates were contained 8 different species (Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidir which have been identified with Vitek II automated culture system. Microorganism susceptibility tests were performed in accordance with CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2015) criteria. Resistance of the isolates to 15 different antibiotics (Amikacin, Meropenem, Levofloxacin, Imipenem, Piperacillin, Gentamycin, Cefepime, Ceftazidime Penicillin, Oxacillin, Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Vancomycin, Rifampin) was investigated. The highest antibiotic resistance was found in E. faecaiis with 37% against Penicillin antibiotics. No resistance to vancomycin antibiotics has been observed. It was concluded that the Ceyhan River was exposed to fecal bacterial contamination, and it was revealed that this situation would adversely affect both the ecosystem and human health. Measures to protect and improve the ecological and microbiological qualities of rivers and lakes are key to preserving the quality and quantity of water resources for the future.
- Subjects
BACTERIAL pollution of water; ANTIBIOTICS; PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa; CLINDAMYCIN; DRUG resistance in bacteria
- Publication
Marine & Life Sciences, 2021, Vol 3, Issue 1, p7
- ISSN
2687-5802
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.51756/marlife.913566