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- Title
361 Mycotoxin Prevalence in the 2017 Corn Crop.
- Authors
Hendel, E G; Gott, P N; Mendoza, S M; Schaumberger, S; Murugesan, G R
- Abstract
Mycotoxins are harmful secondary fungal metabolites, and are of key concern to food and feed safety globally. In addition to compromised performance, mycotoxins negatively impact animal health. Although classic symptoms such as decreased feed intake and vomiting are utilized in the field as an indicator for exposure, even at low levels mycotoxins act as predisposing factors for diseases by immune suppression, causing inflammation, and modulating the gastrointestinal environment. This survey presents information regarding mycotoxin contamination of samples from the 2017 corn harvest compared to the prior two years. New crop corn samples from feed mills, integrators and producers were submitted from mid-August to December 2017. All participants were informed of best sampling practices. Samples were analyzed utilizing the LC-MS/MS method for six major mycotoxin groups: aflatoxins, type A trichothecenes, type B trichothecenes (B-Trich), fumonisins (FUM), zearalenone (ZEN) and ochratoxin-A. Data is presented for <italic>Fusarium</italic> mycotoxins in table 1. A majority of samples contained at least one detected mycotoxin; however, co-occurrence (≥2 mycotoxins) in samples thus far is lower than 2016. Prevalence of ZEN and FUM are less this year compared to 2017, but B-Trich prevalence is similar to last year. Although contamination levels for DON have decreased, levels are still higher compared to the 2015 harvest while FUM levels are comparable to the 2016 crop and numerically higher than the 2015 crop. The preliminary results from the 2017 corn harvest suggest a continued risk from mycotoxins produced by <italic>Fusarium</italic> fungal species. Because of the risk of multi-mycotoxin contamination in samples thus far, multiple mitigation strategies are needed beyond adsorption, including biotransformation and supporting the immune system and liver function. Table 1. <italic>Fusarium</italic> toxin contamination by year Parameter Year 2015 2016 2017 N 318 595 252 Toxin Count 1.4a 2b 1.6a<bold>B-Trich</bold> Prevalence (%) 72a 85b 77ab Median (ppb) 400 933 557 Average (ppb)±SEM 691a±204 1845b±137 1325c±221 > 1000 ppb (%) 13 41 21 <bold>ZEN</bold> Prevalence (%) 17a 51b 30c Median (ppb) 107 183 130 Average (ppb)±SEM 247 ± 138 356 ± 57 325 ± 117 > 1000 ppb (%) 5 24 12 <bold>FUM</bold> Prevalence (%) 52a 61b 46a Median (ppb) 500 1400 800 Average (ppb)±SEM 1190a±542 3998b±361 2746ab±644 > 1000 ppb (%) 15 36 20 a-c Means are statistically significant different p < 0.05.
- Subjects
MYCOTOXINS; ANIMAL health; DISEASE prevalence; BIOTRANSFORMATION (Metabolism); IMMUNE system physiology
- Publication
Journal of Animal Science, 2018, Vol 96, p195
- ISSN
0021-8812
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/jas/sky073.358