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- Title
Cytotoxic Effect of Rambutan Skin Extract Containing Triterpenoid Saponin on a Leukaemia Cell Line.
- Authors
Khoo, William Kian Sia; Jalil, Marsitah Abdul; Sim, Norman; Kee Kien Loo; Panneerselvan, Hindhuja; Jusop, Siti Rahimah; Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah; Abdullah, Maha
- Abstract
Introduction: Triterpenoid saponin is a compound found in various plants and has anticancer properties in various human cancer cell lines. Earlier screening test on rambutan skin extract indicated the presence of triterpenoid saponin. Further studies on its anticancer property may provide further evidence of its potential as a recyclable source of waste product and development as an adjunct to the current therapeutic regimens available for human cancers. This study investigated the triterpenoid saponin content and anticancer effect of rambutan skin extract on a human leukaemia cell line. Methods: A T cell leukaemia cell line, Jurkat was expanded in RPMI culture media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and antibiotics. Rambutan skin was dried and then macerated overnight in 96% ethanol. The solution was filtered and the crude extract used for further testing. Screening for saponin was performed using foam and haemolytic test. Presence of triterpenoid was determined with the Salkowski test. Cytotoxic effect of rambutan skin extract was determined using the MTS assay with a series of 2X extract dilution ranging from 1/64 to 1/1024. Cells were cultured for 48 hours. Results: Foam, haemolytic and Salkowski tests demonstrated the presence of triterpenoid saponin in ethanolic rambutan extract. Jurkat cells treated with extract exhibited cell death/inhibition as observed under the microscope. Control wells treated with diluted 96% ethanol showed cell inhibition only at high concentrations. The IC50 dilution from the MTS assay was determined to be 1/200. Conclusion: Rambutan skin extracts in ethanol contain triterpenoid saponin and exhibited cytotoxic/inhibitory effect on Jurkat cell line.
- Subjects
SAPONINS; CELL lines; LEUKEMIA; WASTE products; EXTRACTS
- Publication
Malaysian Journal of Medicine & Health Sciences, 2017, Vol 13, p32
- ISSN
1675-8544
- Publication type
Article