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- Title
When males outlive females: Sex‐specific effects of temperature on lifespan in a cyclic parthenogen.
- Authors
Pietrzak, Barbara; Grzesiuk, Małgorzata; Dorosz, Julia; Mikulski, Andrzej
- Abstract
Lifespans of males and females frequently differ as a consequence of different life history strategies adopted to maximize fitness. It is well visible in cyclic parthenogens, such as water fleas of the genus Daphnia, where males appear in the population usually only for periods when receptive females are available. Moreover, even within one sex, different life history strategies and mechanisms regulating lifespan may exist. Previous studies suggested that Daphnia males may regulate their lifespan by staying in colder waters than females. We hypothesize that such behavioral mechanism should be associated with stronger reaction to low temperature–that is greater lifespan extension in males than in females. In this study, we monitored survivorship of Daphnia magna females and males of three clonal lines cultured at 16 or 20°C. The results did not provide a species‐level corroboration of our hypothesis; instead, they revealed very strong intraspecific differences in the responses of male and female lifespan to temperature change. They further suggest the existence of parallel life history strategies, hypothesis whose tests would bring new insights into the ecology of males in cyclic parthenogens. Applying different environmentally relevant temperatures, we obtain contrasting phenotypic shifts in aging profiles in males and females of a cyclic parthenogen, Daphnia magna. When they do, males may outlive females in a temperature dependent or independent manner. This is of interest and importance, as it points to the role of adaptation and evolution in the shaping of physiological mechanisms behind plastic responses to temperature.
- Subjects
DAPHNIA; GENETICS of longevity; PHENOTYPIC plasticity; HYPOTHESIS; GONAD physiology
- Publication
Ecology & Evolution (20457758), 2018, Vol 8, Issue 19, p9880
- ISSN
2045-7758
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/ece3.4473