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- Title
Feeding elicitors and precursors enhance colchicine accumulation in morphogenic cultures of Gloriosa superba L.
- Authors
Jawahar, G.; Punita, D. L.; Rajasheker, G.; Manoharachary, C.; Venkatachalam, P.; Kavi Kishor, P. B.
- Abstract
Morphogenic cultures of Gloriosa superba were initiated on Murashige and Skoog’s medium fortified with 2 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.5 mg L−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 4% sucrose and 0.1% activated charcoal. To enhance the content of the alkaloid colchicine, morphogenic cultures were treated with different concentrations of abiotic elicitors like signalling compounds, metals, biotic elicitors, precursors and a combination of elicitors. Signalling molecules like acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and sodium nitroprusside improved the production of colchicine. Abiotic elicitors have markedly (p ≤ 0.05 or ≤ 0.01) enhanced the colchicine content either at lower or higher concentrations. Among the metals, the highest amount of 11.67 mg of colchicine g−1 dry wt was noticed at 60 mM rubidium chloride, followed by 60 mM NaCl (11.18 mg g−1). Contrarily, in the presence of biotic elicitors such as Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria solani, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, colchicine content ranged only between 2 and 5.32 mg g−1, but Bacillus subtilis repressed it. Among the aromatic amino acids, phenylalanine at 500 mg L−1 influenced the highest accumulation of 19.48 mg g−1 dry tissue, followed by tryptophan (12.47 mg g−1), and tyrosine (9.87 mg g−1), a direct precursor of colchicine biosynthesis, while intact tubers and leaves contained 4.65 and 4.16 mg of colchicine g−1 dry tissue respectively. A combination of 10 µM AlCl3 and 50 µM salicylic acid (SA) registered 17.34 mg g−1 followed by 16.24 mg g−1 tissue in presence of 1 µM HgCl2 and 50 µM SA. The results suggest that the elicitor-stimulated colchicine accumulation was a stress response and can be exploited further for commercial production.
- Subjects
ELICITORS (Botany); COLCHICINE; MARIA Gloriosa (Bell)
- Publication
Plant Cell, Tissue & Organ Culture, 2018, Vol 135, Issue 2, p235
- ISSN
0167-6857
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11240-018-1459-9