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- Title
Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Electrodeposited Nickel Films.
- Authors
Sultan, Musaab S.
- Abstract
Magnetic and electrical properties of nickel (Ni) thin films produced by the electrodeposition technique under a range of growth times (30, 40, and 60 s) are investigated thoroughly using Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) magnetometry and Magneto-Resistance setup, respectively. To deeply understand these properties, the elemental composition, surface morphology, and bulk crystalline structure are analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), grazing incidence X-ray reflectivity (GIXR), and X-ray diffraction measurements, respectively. EDS analysis confirms that these samples are free from impurities and contamination. An increase in coercive fields (~67 Oe) with wide distribution (58-85 Oe) across the film area and a slight variation in the shape of the loops are noticed by decreasing the film growth time (30 s). This is attributed to the deviations in the film surface morphology (defects), as confirmed by HRSEM and GIXR measurements. The angular dependence of the coercivity is nearly constant for each sample and most angles, indicating the similarity in the reversal behavior in such films. The sample resistance is found to be ~20.3 O and ~2.8 O for films with growth times of 40 s and 60 s, respectively. The coercivity of the AMR profiles and MOKE loops is consistent with each other, indicating that the magnetization at the surface performs similarly to that of their bulks. This article gives an indication that Ni films produced by this technique under such conditions are soft at longer deposition times and largely isotropic, which is more preferable in some magnetic applications.
- Subjects
MAGNETIC properties; NICKEL films; ELECTRIC properties; ELECTROFORMING; KERR magneto-optical effect
- Publication
ARO: The Scientific Journal of Koya University, 2023, Vol 11, Issue 2, p191
- ISSN
2410-9355
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.14500/aro.11211