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- Title
Recombinant T-Cell Receptor Ligand (RTL) for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 1, Dose-Escalation Study.
- Authors
Yadav, Vijayshree; Bourdette, Dennis N.; Bowen, James D.; Lynch, Sharon G.; Mattson, David; Preiningerova, Jana; Bever, Christopher T.; Simon, Jack; Goldstein, Andrew; Burrows, Gregory G.; Offner, Halina; Ferro, Al J.; Vandenbark, Arthur A.
- Abstract
Background. Recombinant T-cell receptor ligand 1000 (RTL1000) is a single-chain protein construct containing the outer two domains of HLA-DR2 linked to myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein- (MOG-) 35-55 peptide. Analogues of RTL1000 induce T-cell tolerance, reverse clinical and histological disease, and promote repair in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in DR2 transgenic, C57BL/6, and SJL/J mice. Objective. Determining the maximum tolerated dose, safety, and tolerability of RTL1000 in multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects. Methods. This was a multicenter, Phase I dose-escalation study in HLA-DR2+ MS subjects. Consecutive cohorts received RTL1000 doses of 2, 6, 20, 60, 200, and 100 mg, respectively. Subjects within each cohort randomly received a single intravenous infusion of RTL1000 or placebo at a 4 : 2 ratio. Safety monitoring included clinical, laboratory, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations. Results. Thirty-four subjects completed the protocol. All subjects tolerated the 2-60 mg doses of RTL1000. Doses ⩾100 mg caused hypotension and diarrhea in 3 of 4 subjects, leading to discontinuation of further enrollment. Conclusions. The maximum tolerated dose of RTL1000 in MS subjects is 60 mg, comparable to effective RTL doses in EAE. RTL1000 is a novel approach for MS treatment that may induce immunoregulation without immunosuppression and promote neural repair.
- Subjects
UNITED States; CNS demyelinating autoimmune diseases; DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry; FISHER exact test; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; MEDICAL cooperation; MULTIPLE sclerosis; HEALTH outcome assessment; PLACEBOS; REGENERATION (Biology); RESEARCH; RESEARCH funding; SAFETY; T cells; UNITED States. Dept. of Veterans Affairs; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; TREATMENT effectiveness; BLIND experiment; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Autoimmune Diseases (2090-0422), 2012, p1
- ISSN
2090-0422
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1155/2012/954739