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- Title
Effect of Brimonidine on the B Cells, T Cells, and Cytokines of the Ocular Surface and Aqueous Humor in Rat Eyes.
- Authors
Shin, Hye-Young; Lee, Hyun-Seung; Lee, Young Chun; Kim, Su-Young
- Abstract
<bold>Purpose: </bold>One serious ocular side effect associated with the long-term use of topical brimonidine tartrate is anterior uveitis. This study investigated the changes in the levels of several inflammatory cytokines, B cells, and T cells in rat eyes treated with topical brimonidine tartrate.<bold>Methods: </bold>Twenty Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 2 groups of 10 rats each. In the brimonidine group, rats were treated with brimonidine 3 times per day for 10 months. The rat cytokine multiplex method was used to determine the levels of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)] in the conjunctiva, cornea, aqueous humor, and lens. The cornea and conjunctiva were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using anti-CD20 antibody and anti-CD3 antibody.<bold>Results: </bold>The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 in the conjunctiva were significantly lower in the brimonidine group (P = 0.033, 0.017, and 0.016, respectively) than in the control group. Compared to the control group, the concentration of IL-2 in the cornea was also significantly lower in the brimonidine group (P = 0.037). However, in the analysis of the cytokines in the aqueous humor, the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-2 were significantly higher in the brimonidine group than in the control group (P = 0.016 and 0.008, respectively). There was no significant difference in CD20-positive B-cell and CD3-positive T-cell infiltration of the conjunctival biopsy specimens between the brimonidine group and the control group. Corneal specimens of both groups also showed no infiltration of CD20-positive B cells and CD3-positive T cells.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>These results suggest that the increase in some inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor after the long-term brimonidine treatment may contribute to the pathogenesis of brimonidine-induced uveitis.
- Subjects
B cells; T cells; CYTOKINES; EYE physiology; LABORATORY rats; AQUEOUS humor; ANIMAL experimentation; CONJUNCTIVA; CORNEA; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE; RATS; UVEITIS
- Publication
Journal of Ocular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2015, Vol 31, Issue 10, p623
- ISSN
1080-7683
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1089/jop.2015.0067