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- Title
Baseline Selenium Status and Effects of Selenium and Vitamin E Supplementation on Prostate Cancer Risk.
- Authors
Kristal, Alan R.; Darke, Amy K.; Morris, J. Steven; Tangen, Catherine M.; Goodman, Phyllis J.; Thompson, Ian M.; Meyskens Jr, Frank L.; Goodman, Gary E.; Minasian, Lori M.; Parnes, Howard L.; Lippman, Scott M.; Klein, Eric A.
- Abstract
Background The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial found no effect of selenium supplementation on prostate cancer (PCa) risk but a 17% increased risk from vitamin E supplementation. This case-cohort study investigates effects of selenium and vitamin E supplementation conditional upon baseline selenium status. Methods There were 1739 total and 489 high-grade (Gleason 7-10) PCa cases and 3117 men in the randomly selected cohort. Proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for effects of supplementation within quintiles of baseline toenail selenium. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios, and all statistical tests are two-sided. Results Toenail selenium, in the absence of supplementation, was not associated with PCa risk. Selenium supplementation (combined selenium only and selenium + vitamin E arms) had no effect among men with low selenium status (<60th percentile of toenail selenium) but increased the risk of high-grade PCa among men with higher selenium status by 91% (P= .007). Vitamin E supplementation (alone) had no effect among men with high selenium status (≥40th percentile of toenail selenium) but increased the risks of total, low-grade, and high-grade PCa among men with lower selenium status (63%, P= .02; 46%, P= .09; 111%, P= .008, respectively). Conclusions Selenium supplementation did not benefit men with low selenium status but increased the risk of high-grade PCa among men with high selenium status. Vitamin E increased the risk of PCa among men with low selenium status. Men should avoid selenium or vitamin E supplementation at doses that exceed recommended dietary intakes.
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS; PROSTATE cancer; THERAPEUTIC use of vitamin E; SELENIUM; MEN'S health; CLINICAL trials; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2014, Vol 106, Issue 3, p1
- ISSN
0027-8874
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/jnci/djt456