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- Title
Jewish ?ollective Farms of Soviet Byelorussia in the interwar period: formation, problems, and oblivion.
- Authors
Zamoiski, A.
- Abstract
This article focuses on the history of Jewish collective farms (kolkhozes). In the 1920s many Jewish families decided to join collective farms mainly because of the collapse of local shtetls. It was an attempt of craftsmen, petty traders and other categories of the marginalized population to survive. The Soviet government tried to attract the local peasantry to collective farms, promoting collectivization and preventing the rise of Zionist ideas. The Jewish kolkhozes were supposed to serve as socialist patterns of economy and way of life. However, a lot of farmers followed the norms and traditions of Judaism. Members of Jewish collective farms faced certain difficulties, e.g. schooling, medical care, etc. Massive collectivization, as well as the creation of ethnically "mixed" kolkhozes (the so-called process of internationalization) resulted in an outflow of Jews. In the 1930s the number of Jewish collective farms decreased considerably. In the second half of the decade, the local Soviet administration did not mention Jewish farms in their statistics any longer.
- Subjects
COLLECTIVE farms; COLLECTIVE farming; SHTETLS; JEWISH families; PEASANTS
- Publication
Tsaytshrift, 2014, Vol 9, Issue 4, p78
- ISSN
2029-9486
- Publication type
Article