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- Title
Formaldehyde toxicity is altered by calcium and organic matter.
- Authors
Meinelt, T.; Pietrock, M.; Burnison, K.; Steinberg, C.
- Abstract
Formaldehyde is one of the shortlist substances permitted for use in aquaculture. Toxicity of formaldehyde and therapeutical success is influenced by water parameters. However, there is a lack of information on the interaction of organic carbon and calcium (Ca2+) on the toxicity of formaldehyde. Laboratory experiments were conducted to test the combined effects of Ca2+ and natural organic matter (NOM) on formaldehyde toxicity. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to five concentrations of formaldehyde for 144 h. Juveniles exposed to high concentrations died; the embryos exposed to low concentrations were unable to hatch, particularly visible in the groups without NOM. The toxicity-reducing effects of NOM are not attributable to the presence of Ca2+.
- Subjects
ZEBRA danio; FORMALDEHYDE; DISINFECTION &; disinfectants; AGRICULTURE; AQUACULTURE; ORGANIC compounds
- Publication
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2005, Vol 21, Issue 2, p121
- ISSN
0175-8659
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1439-0426.2004.00617.x