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- Title
Estimating Groundwater Recharge in the Semiarid Al-Khazir Gomal Basin, North Iraq.
- Authors
Jassas, Hussein; Merkel, Broder
- Abstract
The mean annual recharge of Al-Khazir Gomal Basin was estimated as a basis for decision makers regarding the renewability and sustainability of groundwater. For this purpose, two approaches were used: hydrograph analysis and water table fluctuation (WTF). The long-term mean daily stream-flow records of Al-Khazir River (1969-1981) were used to estimate groundwater discharge by base-flow hydrograph separation and displacement recession curve methods. Four base-flow separation methods were used; one is the graphical separation method, and three are automated separation methods included in the web-based Hydrograph Analysis Tool. The annual recharge estimated by WTF was 111.6 mm/y, and the average annual recharge estimated by the four base-flow separation methods was 125.8 mm/y. Estimating recharge by the water table fluctuation method does not incorporate spatial variability contained in the whole watershed, because the specific yield did not represent the entire basin. However, the hydrograph analysis method can give a comprehensive estimation of the net integrated recharge for the entire watershed, which includes different recharge mechanisms. The displacement recession curve method deviates a lot (>30 mm/y) from the other methods, which indicates that this method may not be suitable to apply in such large watersheds.
- Subjects
GROUNDWATER recharge; GEOLOGICAL basins; ARID zone research; HYDROGRAPHY; WATER table
- Publication
Water (20734441), 2014, Vol 6, Issue 8, p2467
- ISSN
2073-4441
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/w6082467