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- Title
Sozialistische Frauenorganisationen, bürgerliche Frauenbewegung und der Erste Weltkrieg. Nationale und internationale Perspektiven.
- Authors
Schulz, Kristina
- Abstract
The effects of World War I on women's lives are still an open to historical debate. Similarly, the influence of the war on the increasingly international feminist scene is still contested. World War I aggravated feminism's dilemma in the era of nationalism: the idea of boundless solidarity between women was challenged by the call for unconditional support for one's own nation in wartime. This article analyses the different ways in which bourgeois and socialist feminists faced the 'paradox of feminism' (Joan W. Scott). The International Socialist Women's Conference in Berne in March 1915, and the International Women's Congress at The Hague at the end of April 1915 can be seen as milestones in the history of feminist activism for peace. Examining these conferences allows us to highlight solidarity, participation and peace as values common to feminists involved in peace efforts, but also demonstrates that socialist and bourgeois peace activists gave different meanings to these key notions. It reveals why it was impossible for both wings of the women's movement to form a common front against war in the name of peace.
- Subjects
WORLD War I &; women; 20TH century feminism; PACIFISM; WOMEN socialists; MIDDLE class women; WOMEN'S conferences; NATIONALISM &; feminism; WOMEN -- International cooperation; INTERNATIONAL cooperation on feminism; PEACE movements -- History; WORLD War I; TWENTIETH century; HISTORY; PROTEST movements
- Publication
Historische Zeitschrift, 2014, Vol 298, Issue 3, p653
- ISSN
0018-2613
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1515/hzhz-2014-0218