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- Title
Osteoradionecrosis of mandible – A Review.
- Authors
Devarajan, Harish; Somasundaram, Sujatha
- Abstract
A significant complication of radiotherapy to the head and neck for cancer treatment is osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws. The management of ORN can be complex and often requires a multimodality approach. Nonsurgical treatments with or without adjunct measures and surgical interventions have all been employed on the basis of the staging of the disease process. New theories on the pathophysiology of ORN have led to the identification of novel treatment modalities. ORN is a major complication of surgery or trauma in previously irradiated bone in the absence of tumor persistence. Radiation-induced vascular insufficiency rather than infection causes bone death. It occurs most commonly in the mandible after head and neck irradiation. Risk factors include the total radiation dose, modality of treatment, fraction size and dose rate, oral hygiene, timing of tooth extractions as well as the continued use of tobacco and alcohol. This condition is often painful, debilitating, and may result in significant bone loss. In the past, tissue hypoxia and its consequences were accepted as the primary cause, and this led to the use of hyperbaric oxygen for both treatment and prevention of complications of radiotherapy in the head and neck.
- Subjects
OSTEORADIONECROSIS; CANCER radiotherapy complications; HEAD &; neck cancer; SURGICAL complications; ORAL hygiene; MANDIBLE
- Publication
Drug Invention Today, 2019, Vol 11, Issue 6, p1396
- ISSN
0975-7619
- Publication type
Article