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- Title
Openness and Intellectual Change among Japanese Middle-aged and Elderly Adults: A Six-Year Longitudinal Study.
- Authors
Nishita, Yukiko; Tange, Chikako; Tomida, Makiko; Ando, Fujiko; Shimokata, Hiroshi
- Abstract
This study examined the relationship between the personality trait of openness and subsequent intellectual change in Japanese middle age and later adulthood. Subjects (N =1,591) comprised the second and fifth wave participants of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA). Openness was assessed using the NEO Five Factor Inventory, and intelligence was assessed with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Short Forms. Repeated measures Analysis of Variance revealed that elderly people who are more open at the time of the baseline measurement maintained their level of 'Information' test score for six years, whereas elderly who were less open showed a decline in their scores. The longitudinal association between openness and the 'Information' score was not found among middle-aged adults. On the other hand, in both age groups openness was cross-sectionally associated with 'Similarities,' 'Picture Completion,' and 'Digit Symbol' tests scores, but not subsequently with intellectual change. These results suggest that openness may explain individual differences in adult intelligence, and that especially among the elderly higher levels of openness may be helpful for maintaining higher levels of general factual knowledge.
- Subjects
JAPAN; AGE &; intelligence; OLDER people; MENTAL efficiency; NEO Five-Factor Inventory; WECHSLER Adult Intelligence Scale; LONGITUDINAL method
- Publication
Japanese Journal of Developmental Psychology / Hattatsu Shinrigaku Kenkyū, 2012, Vol 23, Issue 3, p276
- ISSN
0915-9029
- Publication type
Article